Xiphisternal joint

A vital structure in the human chest playing a significant role in rib articulation and thoracic stability.

The xiphisternal joint is a synchondrosis joint located at the junction of the xiphoid process and the inferior end of the sternum, known as the body of the sternum. This cartilaginous joint is typically present during infancy and early childhood but can ossify or fuse into bone in adulthood. It serves as an important landmark in the thoracic anatomy.

Terminologia Anatomica

articulatio xiphisternalis

System

Skeletal system

Function

The primary function of the xiphisternal joint is to provide flexibility and stability to the thoracic skeleton, facilitating the movements associated with breathing and upper body activities. This joint allows for slight movement during respiration, helping to accommodate changes in thoracic volume. Furthermore, as a central aspect of the sternum, it contributes to the attachment points for various muscles and cartilages that play crucial roles in respiration and upper body movement. The joint's position also serves as a reliable anatomical landmark for healthcare professionals when performing medical procedures or examinations, such as locating the lower boundary of the thoracic cavity during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Location

The xiphisternal joint is located at the inferior aspect of the sternum, specifically where the xiphoid process meets the body of the sternum. It is situated at the midline of the chest, around the level of the T9 to T10 vertebrae in the spinal column. This joint is approximately 15 to 20 centimeters from the sternal notch, which is the uppermost point of the sternum. Its location makes it a key reference point for identifying the position of other anatomical structures within the thorax, including the heart and major blood vessels.

Did You Know?

The xiphisternal joint is more flexible in young individuals, which allows for better thoracic expansion during deep breathing.
In some cases, the xiphoid process can remain cartilaginous throughout life, influencing the flexibility of the joint.
The xiphisternal joint is sometimes referenced in anatomical models as a critical marker for the location of the diaphragm.