Extensor digitorum longus

A muscle located in the anterior compartment of the leg that is integral to extending the toes.

The extensor digitorum longus is a skeletal muscle of the lower leg. It originates from the lateral condyle of the tibia and the upper three-fourths of the fibula. This muscle is responsible for extending the lateral four toes of the foot and for dorsiflexion of the ankle. It plays a vital role in movement and stability during walking and running.

Terminologia Anatomica

musculus-extensor-digitorum-longus

System

Muscular system

Function

The primary function of the extensor digitorum longus is to extend the toes, allowing for the lifting of the front part of the foot. This mechanism is essential for activities such as walking, running, and climbing stairs, as it helps to clear the toes off the ground with each step. Additionally, it contributes to dorsiflexion, the action of moving the foot upwards toward the shin, which is crucial for maintaining balance and stability during various movements. The coordinated action of the extensor digitorum longus, along with other muscles in the leg, ensures that the foot adapts to different surfaces and aids in push-off during gait.

Location

The extensor digitorum longus is situated in the anterior compartment of the leg, just lateral to the tibialis anterior muscle. Its origin is from the lateral condyle of the tibia and the upper part of the fibula, where it runs downward and forward. As it descends, it travels beneath the extensor retinacula, a band of connective tissue that keeps the tendons in place, before splitting into four tendons that extend towards the lateral four toes of the foot. The anatomical positioning allows it to function optimally in extending the toes and assisting with ankle movement.

Did You Know?

The extensor digitorum longus is particularly active during running, providing the necessary extension to propel the body forward.
Injury to this muscle can significantly impair one's ability to walk or run comfortably, highlighting its importance in lower limb function.
The strength and flexibility of the extensor digitorum longus can be enhanced through specific stretching and strengthening exercises.