Mandible

The largest and strongest bone in the human face, it holds the lower teeth and forms the jawline.

The mandible, commonly known as the lower jawbone, is a U-shaped bone that supports the lower set of teeth. It is composed of two parts: the body, which forms the chin, and the ramus, which connects the body to the skull at the temporomandibular joint. The mandible is the only movable bone of the skull and plays a vital role in functions such as chewing and speaking.

Terminologia Anatomica

mandibula

System

Skeletal system

Function

The mandible plays several critical functions in the human body. Primarily, it acts as a structural foundation for the lower teeth, supporting them during activities such as biting and grinding food. This mechanical function is essential for proper digestion, as chewing increases the surface area of food, facilitating enzymatic breakdown in the digestive tract. Furthermore, the mandible contributes to articulation, enabling clear speech by facilitating the movements of the tongue and other structures in the oral cavity. Additionally, the mandible plays a role in facial aesthetics, contributing to the overall shape of the face and the alignment of the teeth, which can affect self-esteem and social interactions.

Location

The mandible is located in the lower part of the face. It extends from the temporomandibular joint, where it connects to the temporal bone of the skull, downwards and forwards to form the chin. The body of the mandible forms a horizontal arch, while the two ramus extend vertically. This bone lies inferior to the maxilla (upper jawbone) and is positioned in a manner that allows it to move up and down and side to side. Its unique morphology enables it to accommodate the dental structure of humans, making it vital for both functional and aesthetic purposes.

Did You Know?

The mandible is often referred to as the only movable bone in the skull, allowing it to facilitate movements necessary for chewing and speaking.
The shape and size of the mandible can vary significantly among individuals, contributing to facial diversity.
Fractures of the mandible are among the most common facial injuries, often resulting from trauma to the face.
The term 'mandibular' is frequently used in dental terminology to refer to anything related to the lower jaw.