Human Anatomy

Transverse ligament of the atlas

A crucial ligament that stabilizes the first cervical vertebra, known as the atlas, in relation to the second cervical vertebra, called the axis.

The transverse ligament of the atlas is a strong, fibrous band that connects the lateral masses of the atlas (the first cervical vertebra) and secures the odontoid process (or dens) of the axis (the second cervical vertebra). This ligament plays an essential role in maintaining the stability of the atlantoaxial joint, allowing for rotational movements of the head while preventing excessive movement that could lead to injury.

Terminologia Anatomica

ligamentum transversum atlantis

System

Musculoskeletal system

Function

The primary function of the transverse ligament of the atlas is to provide essential stability for the atlantoaxial joint, which connects the skull to the spine. This joint is responsible for allowing significant rotation of the head, crucial for everyday activities such as looking around and nodding. In addition to its stabilizing role, the transverse ligament serves as a barrier that protects the spinal cord by ensuring that the odontoid process does not dislocate or become displaced into the spinal canal, where it could cause severe neurological damage. Thus, the integrity of the transverse ligament is vital for both mobility and protection of the nervous system within the cervical spine.

Location

The transverse ligament of the atlas is located in the upper cervical region, specifically at the junction between the skull and the cervical spine. It is positioned horizontally across the posterior aspect of the first cervical vertebra, anchoring to the bony lateral masses of the atlas. This ligament encircles and holds the odontoid process in place, which protrudes upward from the axis. The transverse ligament, along with other supportive ligaments and muscles, contributes to the overall structure and function of the cervical spine, ensuring both stability and flexibility during head movements.

Did You Know?

In the absence of the transverse ligament, significant instability occurs at the atlantoaxial joint, which can lead to neurological complications.
Injuries to the transverse ligament can result from trauma, such as whiplash, and may require surgical intervention to restore stability.
The transverse ligament is often assessed in cases of rheumatoid arthritis, as inflammation can affect its integrity.