Lacrimal glands

Small glands located in the upper outer corner of each eye, responsible for producing tears.

Lacrimal glands are exocrine glands that secrete tears, which serve to lubricate, nourish, and protect the eye's surface. Positioned above each eye, the glands play a crucial role in maintaining the health of the conjunctiva and cornea, as well as providing essential moisture to the eyes.

Terminologia Anatomica

glandula lacrimalis

System

Integumentary system

Function

The primary function of the lacrimal glands is the production and secretion of tears. Tears are vital not only for eye lubrication but also for washing away foreign particles and providing a smooth surface for light to pass through, thereby aiding in clear vision. Additionally, tears contain lysozyme, an antibacterial enzyme that helps protect the eyes from infections. The lacrimal fluid also carries nutrients, promoting corneal health and contributing to the sensory function of the eyes. A unique function of the lacrimal glands is the emotional response; the production of tears can be triggered by emotional states, serving as a form of non-verbal communication and stress relief.

Location

Lacrimal glands are located in the upper lateral region of each orbit, the bony cavity that contains the eyeball. These glands are situated beneath the frontal bone and are connected by ducts that transport tear fluid to the surface of the conjunctiva. When tear production occurs, the fluid drains through small openings in the inner corner of the eyelids, known as the puncta, into the nasolacrimal duct, which connects the eye to the nasal cavity. This anatomy ensures a constant supply of moisture to the eye while also allowing excess tears to drain away.

Did You Know?

Lacrimal glands can produce up to 1 milliliter of tears per day under normal conditions.
Tears have three layers: an oily layer that prevents evaporation, a watery layer that provides moisture, and a mucous layer that helps spread the tear film evenly across the eye.
Certain emotions can lead to different types of tears; for instance, tears caused by sadness often accompany a higher emotional response than those produced merely for eye lubrication.