Hip joint

A crucial ball-and-socket joint that connects the lower limb to the pelvis, allowing for a wide range of movement.

The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint formed by the articulation of the femur's head and the acetabulum of the pelvis. This joint plays a vital role in supporting the body's weight in both static and dynamic postures. Its unique structure enables it to perform flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation, facilitating activities such as walking, running, and jumping.

Terminologia Anatomica

articulatio coxae

System

Musculoskeletal system

Function

The primary function of the hip joint is to provide stability and flexibility to the pelvis and lower limbs. It supports the body's weight during various movements, allowing for activities such as walking, squatting, and climbing stairs. The ball-and-socket design permits a wide range of motion in multiple directions, making the hip vital for locomotion and agility. Additionally, the hip joint absorbs shock and distributes forces during weight-bearing activities, playing an essential role in overall balance and coordination.

Location

The hip joint is located at the junction of the upper thigh and pelvis. It is formed where the rounded head of the femur fits securely into the deep, cup-shaped acetabulum of the pelvis. This joint is situated laterally in the body, just below the iliac crest and above the knee joint. With the pelvic girdle comprising the ilium, ischium, and pubis, the hip joint occupies a central position that allows for effective movement and support of the lower extremities.

Did You Know?

The hip joint is one of the largest joints in the human body, supporting a significant amount of weight.
Over time, the cartilage in the hip joint can wear down, leading to conditions such as osteoarthritis.
The hip joint is surrounded by a strong capsule and several ligaments that provide additional support and stability.
Hip dislocations, though rare, can occur and typically result from high-impact injuries, such as car accidents.