Supraspinatus

The main function of the supraspinatus is to assist with the abduction of the arm, which is the movement of lifting the arm away from the body. It initiates this movement by raising the arm approximately the first 15 degrees before other muscles, primarily the deltoid, take over. Additionally, the supraspinatus plays a crucial role in stabilizing the glenohumeral joint, which is the joint formed between the shoulder blade and the arm bone. It helps to hold the head of the humerus securely within the shallow socket of the scapula, preventing dislocation during various arm movements. Overall, the supraspinatus is integral to numerous physical activities, including reaching, throwing, and lifting.

The supraspinatus is located in the upper back and shoulder region, specifically above the spine of the scapula. It lies beneath the acromion, which is the bony prominence of the shoulder blade, and extends over the top of the shoulder joint. The muscle runs laterally to attach at the greater tubercle of the humerus, making it strategically positioned to facilitate arm movements while maintaining stability in the shoulder joint. Due to its placement, it is also vulnerable to injury, particularly in individuals who engage in repetitive overhead activities.

• The supraspinatus is often involved in rotator cuff injuries, one of the most common injuries among athletes.
• Unlike some muscles that can easily be strengthened through direct exercises, the supraspinatus requires specific shoulder stability and mobility training.
• Due to its location and function, it is essential for many everyday tasks, such as reaching for objects placed above head level.