Synchondroses

A type of cartilaginous joint that allows for limited movement between bony structures.

Synchondroses are a specific classification of joints where two or more bones are bound together by hyaline cartilage. These joints typically do not permit significant movement, which is unlike other types of joints such as synovial joints. Synchondroses can be temporary, often found during the development of the skeletal system, or can persist throughout life.

Terminologia Anatomica

synchondrosis

System

Skeletal system

Function

The primary function of synchondroses is to provide stability and support while allowing for limited flexibility between adjacent bones. For example, the growth plates in long bones, known as epiphyseal plates, are synchondroses that enable the elongation of bones during childhood and adolescence. These joints can absorb compressive forces, which is crucial during activities that involve weight-bearing or impact. In addition to growth, synchondroses also contribute to the overall structure of the skeletal system, creating articulations that can withstand stress and provide a degree of shock absorption.

Location

Synchondroses can be found in various locations throughout the body. One of the most notable examples is located at the junction between the first rib and the sternum, where the costal cartilage connects the rib to the breastbone. Another significant synchondrosis occurs at the epiphyseal plates between the epiphysis and diaphysis of developing long bones. This specific structure is essential for bone growth and can be found in various long bones such as the femur and humerus. Once bone growth is complete, these synchondroses typically ossify, forming a solid joint known as synostosis.

Did You Know?

Synchondroses are temporary and usually close after the growth period, turning into bony fusions.
In some conditions, such as osteoarthritis, the cartilage in synchondroses can wear down, leading to pain and reduced mobility.
Certain synchondroses are critical during growth spurts in adolescents, affecting height and proportion.