Human Anatomy
Coccygeal plexus
A network of nerves found in the pelvic region, responsible for innervating the skin and muscles in the area around the tailbone.
The coccygeal plexus is a network of nerves formed by the anterior rami of the S4 and S5 spinal nerves, along with the coccygeal nerve. This plexus is primarily responsible for supplying sensory and motor innervation to the structures in the region of the coccyx, which is the small, triangular bone at the base of the vertebral column. It plays a critical role in providing sensation to the skin over the coccyx and motor function to the pelvic floor muscles.
Terminologia Anatomica
plexus-coccygeus
System
Nervous system
Function
The main function of the coccygeal plexus lies in its role in both sensory and motor innervation. Sensory nerves from the coccygeal plexus provide sensation to the skin overlying the coccyx and parts of the perineum. This sensory feedback is essential for mechanisms like balance and positional awareness when sitting, as well as for the sensation of touch in the area. On the motor side, the coccygeal plexus contributes to innervating muscles that support the pelvic floor. These muscles are crucial for various bodily functions, including urinary continence, bowel control, and sexual function. By maintaining the stability and function of the pelvic floor, the coccygeal plexus indirectly supports core muscular functions, health during pregnancy, and the recovery process after childbirth.
Location
The coccygeal plexus is located in the pelvic region, specifically near the coccyx, which is situated at the terminal portion of the vertebral column. This plexus is formed within the pelvis, deep to the gluteal muscles and above the pelvic diaphragm. It takes a position anteriorly relative to the sacrum and coccyx, making it a vital component of the network of nerves that encompass the lower spinal cord. Adjacent to structures such as the rectum, bladder, and reproductive organs, the coccygeal plexus integrates with other pelvic nerve pathways, highlighting its role in coordinating sensations and movements in this area. Its location allows for the distribution of nerves to the skin surrounding the coccyx, as well as to essential muscles within the pelvic floor, illustrating its importance in both sensory perception and motor control.
Did You Know?
- The coccygeal plexus is one of the smallest nerve plexuses in the body.
- It is highly significant for individuals who experience tailbone pain, as it can affect the sensation and functioning of the pelvic area.
- The coccygeal nerve is often considered a continuation of the sacral nerves and plays a role in sampling the health of the lower part of the spinal cord.
- In some individuals, the coccygeal plexus can influence the sensation during various activities, such as sitting or movements involving the pelvis.