Extensor digitorum longus tendons

These tendons facilitate the extension of the toes and assist inFoot dorsiflexion.

The extensor digitorum longus tendons are a set of tendons that extend from the extensor digitorum longus muscle, which is located in the anterior compartment of the leg. They are responsible for extending the second to fifth toes and are essential for normal walking and balance. These tendons travel down the leg and insert into the dorsal surfaces of the middle and distal phalanges of the toes.

Terminologia Anatomica

extensor-digitorum-longus-tendons

System

Musculoskeletal system

Function

The primary function of the extensor digitorum longus tendons is to enable the extension of the toes. This extension is crucial for various movements such as walking, running, and balancing. The tendons work in conjunction with other muscles in the leg to help manipulate the foot during activities that require elevation of the toes, such as lifting the foot off the ground. Additionally, during activities such as walking, they assist in dorsiflexion, where the foot is brought upward toward the shin, which not only helps in preventing stubbing of the toes but also maintains proper gait mechanics. Beyond locomotion, the action of these tendons contributes to the stabilization of the foot as it navigates different surfaces.

Location

The extensor digitorum longus tendons originate from the extensor digitorum longus muscle, situated in the anterior part of the leg, alongside the tibia. As they course down the leg, the tendons run anterior to the lateral malleolus, where they traverse into the foot, passing under the extensor retinaculum. They then diverge into four separate tendons that attach to each of the second to fifth toes. This positioning allows for the distribution of force and enhances the ability to extend multiple toes simultaneously, thereby preventing potential imbalance during movement.

Did You Know?

The extensor digitorum longus is often injured in sports activities, especially during abrupt movements that involve rapid direction changes.
Each tendon of the extensor digitorum longus is uniquely characterized by a 'split' that allows for more individual control of each toe.
This muscle and its tendons play a significant role not just in extending the toes, but also in maintaining proper foot posture during static and dynamic positions.