Intervertebral joints

Critical components that provide flexibility and support to the spine.

Intervertebral joints are specialized structures located between adjacent vertebrae in the spinal column. These joints consist primarily of intervertebral discs, which serve as cushioning pads made up of cartilage, and the surrounding tissues that allow for limited movement while maintaining stability in the spine.

Terminologia Anatomica

articulationes intervertebrales

System

Skeletal system

Function

Intervertebral joints play a vital role in the overall biomechanical function of the spine. They allow for a range of motions such as bending, twisting, and flexing, which are essential for everyday activities like walking, sitting, and lifting. The intervertebral discs absorb shocks from physical activities, reducing the impact on the spinal cord and nerves. Additionally, these joints help distribute loads evenly across the vertebral column, minimizing wear and tear on individual vertebrae. Through their ability to facilitate mobility and absorb shock, intervertebral joints contribute significantly to posture and overall balance, making them crucial for an active lifestyle.

Location

Intervertebral joints are found throughout the spinal column, which is divided into several regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Each of these regions contains intervertebral joints formed between adjacent vertebrae. Specifically, there are 24 movable vertebrae in the cervical (neck), thoracic (mid-back), and lumbar (lower back) regions, with intervertebral discs situated between them. The first and second cervical vertebrae (atlas and axis) do not have an intervertebral disc separating them, while the sacral region consists of fused vertebrae that form the sacrum, eliminating intervertebral joints in that area. This strategic arrangement allows for both stable structure and flexibility throughout the vertebral column.

Did You Know?

Intervertebral discs are capable of expanding and contracting, which helps maintain their cushioning properties.
The outer layer of intervertebral discs is called the annulus fibrosus, while the inner gel-like core is known as the nucleus pulposus.
As a person ages, intervertebral discs can degenerate and lose water content, impacting flexibility and increasing the risk of injury.