Tarsals

The group of bones that compose the ankle and the proximal part of the foot.

Tarsals are a collection of seven irregularly shaped bones located in the foot. These bones provide support and structure to the ankle and help facilitate movement. The tarsals include the talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, and three cuneiform bones (medial, intermediate, and lateral). Each plays a crucial role in the foot's complex functions.

Terminologia Anatomica

ossa tarsi

System

Skeletal system

Function

The tarsal bones serve several critical functions in the body. Primarily, they are responsible for bearing weight during standing, walking, and running. The calcaneus, commonly known as the heel bone, absorbs the impact of ground reaction forces when the foot strikes the ground. The talus acts as a crucial link between the foot and the lower leg, contributing to the ankle joint’s stability and mobility. Furthermore, the arrangement of the tarsals allows for flexibility and a range of motion that is essential for various activities, ensuring balance and agility. Together, they work to accommodate the foot's arch and provide the necessary leverage to propel the body forward during locomotion.

Location

The tarsals are located in the hindfoot and midfoot regions of the foot. They are situated just above the metatarsals, which form the middle section of the foot. The talus sits at the ankle joint, connecting with both the tibia and fibula bones of the lower leg. The calcaneus lies directly beneath the talus and serves as the foundation for the foot. The other tarsal bones are arranged in a way that they create the structure necessary for the arch and shape of the foot, enabling efficient weight distribution and movement.

Did You Know?

The tarsal bones contribute to the foot's ability to adapt to different surfaces and terrains, enhancing balance and stability.
The calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone and the strongest bone in the foot, designed for weight-bearing.
The tarsals play a key role in preventing injuries by serving as shock absorbers during physical activities.
Tarsal coalition is a condition where two or more tarsal bones are fused together, which can lead to pain and limited motion.