Transverse sinus

A blood-filled channel located within the brain's dura mater.

The transverse sinus is a venous channel situated in the cranial cavity, specifically located in the posterior aspect of the skull. It originates from the confluence of sinuses and extends laterally, allowing for the drainage of venous blood from the brain. This structure is crucial for managing the return of blood after it has circulated through the brain's vascular systems.

Terminologia Anatomica

sinus transversus

System

Circulatory system

Function

The primary role of the transverse sinus is to collect and transport deoxygenated blood and cerebrospinal fluid away from the brain towards the internal jugular veins. As blood flows through the brain, it collects metabolic waste and carbon dioxide. The transverse sinus facilitates the efficient drainage of this blood, ensuring that the brain remains well-oxygenated and free of excess fluid. This function is vital for maintaining intracranial pressure, enabling optimal brain function and preventing conditions such as cerebral edema, which can occur if fluid accumulates unnecessarily. Additionally, it plays a role in regulating the venous outflow from the brain, contributing to overall cerebral venous circulation.

Location

The transverse sinus is situated within the cranial cavity, specifically within the dura mater, a tough protective membrane surrounding the brain. It begins at the confluence of the superior sagittal sinus and the straight sinus, located at the back of the skull, near where the cerebellum meets the brainstem. From this confluence, it extends laterally on either side, following a path that curves downwards towards the jugular foramen, where it transitions into the internal jugular vein. Its positioning allows it to effectively collect blood from key areas of the brain, including the cerebellum and occipital lobes, making it integral to cerebral venous return.

Did You Know?

The transverse sinus is one of several major venous sinuses in the brain, which together facilitate efficient blood drainage.
Disruption or blockage of the transverse sinus can lead to increased intracranial pressure and may result in conditions such as sinus thrombosis.
Along with the internal jugular vein, the transverse sinus helps to control blood flow and drainage from the skull, contributing to neurological health.