The primary function of mammary glands is lactation, which is the process of producing and secreting milk to nourish newborns. This crucial role ensures that infants receive vital nutrients, antibodies, and hydration necessary for healthy growth and development. During pregnancy, hormonal changes stimulate the growth and maturation of mammary glands, preparing them for milk production. After childbirth, the action of suckling by the infant triggers the release of prolactin and oxytocin hormones, which promote milk secretion and ejection. In addition to nourishing infants, mammary glands also serve as an indicator of reproductive health, with changes in their structure or function often reflecting hormonal balance or signaling underlying health issues.