Biceps tendon

A vital structure in the arm that connects the biceps muscle to the bones of the shoulder and elbow.

The biceps tendon is a fibrous cord that connects the biceps brachii muscle to the bones it acts upon, primarily the scapula at the shoulder and the radius at the elbow. It has two main tendons: the long head tendon, which originates from the superior part of the scapula, and the short head tendon, which arises from the coracoid process of the scapula. Both tendons integrate into the biceps muscle, playing an essential role in movement and stability.

Terminologia Anatomica

tendo musculi bicipitis brachii

System

Musculoskeletal system

Function

The biceps tendon plays a critical role in the functioning of the upper arm, specifically in the movement of the elbow and shoulder joints. When the biceps contract, the tendons pull on the bones, facilitating flexion at the elbow, which brings the forearm closer to the shoulder. Additionally, the biceps contribute to supination, the outward rotation of the forearm. Besides these primary movements, the biceps tendon provides stability to the shoulder joint, particularly during activities that require lifting or throwing. The integrity of the biceps tendon is crucial for athletes and individuals engaged in overhead activities, where powerful arm movements are necessary.

Location

The biceps tendon is located in the upper arm region. The long head tendon runs from the shoulder joint, traversing through the bicipital groove of the humerus, while the short head tendon attaches more medially to the coracoid process of the scapula. As it progresses down the arm, the biceps muscle belly sits beneath the skin, and the tendons attach to the radius, situated at the elbow. This strategic positioning allows the biceps tendon to effectively bridge the shoulder and elbow joints, making it a key player in coordinating movements between these important areas.

Did You Know?

Injuries to the biceps tendon can lead to a condition known as 'biceps tendonitis,' which is characterized by pain and inflammation.
The biceps tendon is often involved in rotator cuff injuries, highlighting its importance in shoulder stability.
The long head of the biceps tendon is unique because it passes through the shoulder joint, making it vulnerable to trauma.
Strengthening the muscles around the biceps tendon can help protect it from injuries, especially during sports activities.