Epididymis

A coiled tubular structure responsible for the maturation and storage of sperm cells.

The epididymis is a highly coiled tube located at the back of each testis. It plays a crucial role in the male reproductive system by providing an environment for sperm to mature and gain motility after their production in the testes. The epididymis connects the efferent ducts from the testis to the vas deferens, facilitating the transport of sperm during ejaculation.

Terminologia Anatomica

epididymis

System

Reproductive system

Function

The primary function of the epididymis is to store and mature spermatozoa produced by the testes. After sperm are formed, they enter the epididymis, where they undergo a complex maturation process that can take several weeks. During this time, sperm gain the ability to swim and fertilize an egg. The epididymis also serves to concentrate sperm through the reabsorption of excess fluid, which enhances the sperm’s chances of successful fertilization. Additionally, it functions in the secretion of various substances that aid in sperm maturation, such as proteins and glycoproteins, which contribute to sperm viability and motility.

Location

The epididymis is situated at the posterior aspect of each testis, curving around like a ‘C’ shape. It can be visualized as a soft, elongated structure about 6 to 7 meters long if uncoiled. Each epididymis is divided into three sections: the head (caput), body (corpus), and tail (cauda). The head receives sperm from the efferent ducts of the testis, while the body and tail function as storage sites where sperm mature and are ultimately transported to the vas deferens.

Did You Know?

The epididymis can store sperm for several months, making it vital for male fertility.
Epididymal fluid is responsible for providing nutrients and promoting sperm maturation.
Recent studies indicate that conditions like inflammation of the epididymis can lead to infertility in men.
The length of the epididymis can adapt and change depending on hormonal signals and the levels of sexual activity.