Radial artery

A major artery of the forearm that supplies blood to the hand and wrist.

The radial artery is a notable blood vessel originating from the brachial artery, which runs down the lateral aspect of the forearm. It travels alongside the radius bone, eventually branching out to supply blood to the lateral side of the hand and fingers. This artery is crucial for delivering oxygenated blood to various structures in the forearm and hand.

Terminologia Anatomica

arteria radialis

System

Circulatory system

Function

The primary function of the radial artery is to supply oxygenated blood to the muscles and tissues of the forearm, wrist, and hand. As it travels along the forearm, it branches into smaller arteries that reach various compartments, allowing for a rich supply of blood. This vascularization is vital for the functioning of muscles involved in fine motor tasks, grip strength, and overall dexterity of the hand. Additionally, the radial artery plays an important role in regulating blood pressure and maintaining overall cardiovascular health by delivering necessary nutrients while removing metabolic waste. Its accessibility has also made it a common site for measuring pulse rates, allowing healthcare practitioners to assess heart health and circulation.

Location

The radial artery courses down the lateral side of the forearm, originating just below the elbow as a continuation of the brachial artery. It runs parallel to the radius bone, which is the thumb side of the arm. The artery travels through the anatomical snuffbox near the wrist, a small depression bordered by the tendons of thumb muscles. Here, the radial artery branches into the deep and superficial palmar arches, providing blood supply to the hand. This positioning makes it easily accessible for clinical examinations and surgeries.

Did You Know?

The radial artery is often used for taking the pulse because it is close to the surface and easy to palpate.
It is one of the two main arteries in the forearm, the other being the ulnar artery.
The radial artery can vary in size; some individuals may have a smaller or more pronounced artery, affecting blood flow.
In surgical procedures, such as coronary artery bypass grafting, a section of the radial artery can be harvested for use as a graft.