Thyroid cartilage

The largest cartilage of the larynx, crucial in protecting the vocal cords.

Composed of hyaline cartilage, thyroid cartilage forms a prominent structure in the neck, commonly known as the Adam's apple. It is shaped like a shield, with two laminae that converge at an angle in the front, giving it its distinctive appearance. This cartilage plays a vital role in the structure of the larynx and the maintenance of airway integrity.

Terminologia Anatomica

cartilago thyroidea

System

Respiratory system

Function

Thyroid cartilage serves several essential functions in the human body. Primarily, it acts as a protective shield for the vocal cords located within the larynx, ensuring they are safeguarded from external injury and impact. This cartilage also plays a critical role in the regulation of sound production. By providing an anchor point for various muscles, including those involved in phonation, it facilitates the movement necessary for speech. Additionally, the thyroid cartilage assists in maintaining the open airway, allowing for proper breathing and vocal resonance during speech and other vocalizations. It also works in conjunction with other cartilages in the larynx to adjust tension and pitch, directly influencing vocal tone.

Location

Located in the anterior part of the neck, the thyroid cartilage sits below the hyoid bone and above the cricoid cartilage. It is positioned midline in the throat, forming the bulk of the larynx's structure. Palpably, it is easily recognizable as the Adam's apple, particularly prominent in males due to the greater angle formed by the laminae. The cartilage is also situated adjacent to the esophagus and trachea, playing an integral role in the airway’s structural framework.

Did You Know?

The angle of the thyroid cartilage is typically sharper in males, contributing to the prominence of the Adam's apple.
The thyroid cartilage does not ossify (turn to bone) as one ages; it remains cartilaginous throughout life.
In addition to its protective role, the thyroid cartilage also contributes to the resonance of the voice.
Certain surgical procedures, like a thyroplasty, may involve modifying the thyroid cartilage to improve voice quality.
The thyroid cartilage is not the only cartilage in the larynx; it integrates with others like the cricoid and arytenoid cartilages.