Liver

The largest internal organ in the body, crucial for various metabolic processes and detoxification.

The liver is a vital organ that performs numerous functions necessary for maintaining overall health. It is involved in the production of bile, which aids in digestion, and plays a key role in metabolizing nutrients and drugs. Additionally, the liver is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances and regulating blood sugar levels.

Terminologia Anatomica

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System

Digestive system

Function

The liver's primary function can be likened to a chemical factory, processing and transforming nutrients absorbed from the digestive tract into substances that the body can utilize. One of its most crucial roles is the production of bile, which is essential for emulsifying fats and aiding in their digestion. The liver is also a key player in carbohydrate metabolism; it converts excess glucose into glycogen for storage and, when energy is needed, can convert glycogen back into glucose. Moreover, the liver synthesizes various proteins, including clotting factors and albumin, which helps maintain blood volume and pressure. It also metabolizes drugs and alcohol, breaking them down into less harmful substances, thus protecting the body from their potentially toxic effects. With its multifaceted approach to detoxification, nutrient metabolism, and energy regulation, the liver ensures that the body functions smoothly.

Location

Situated in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, the liver is nestled beneath the diaphragm and above the stomach, gallbladder, and intestines. It is divided into two main lobes—the right and left lobes—separated by the falciform ligament. The liver's position allows it to efficiently process blood that carries nutrients and toxins from the gastrointestinal tract via the hepatic portal vein. The organ is also surrounded by a fibrous capsule known as Glisson's capsule, which provides structural support and protection.

Did You Know?

The liver has the remarkable ability to regenerate itself; even if up to 75% is removed, it can regrow to its full size.
The liver weighs about 1.5 kilograms and is responsible for producing about 1,000 to 1,500 milliliters of bile every day.
It can process approximately 1.2 liters of blood every minute, filtering out toxins and regulating nutrient levels.