Ansa cervicalis

A loop of nerves located in the neck that plays a crucial role in the innervation of certain neck muscles.

Ansa cervicalis is a loop of nerves formed by branches of the cervical plexus, specifically from the first three cervical spinal nerves (C1, C2, and C3). It primarily innervates the infrahyoid muscles, which are important for various functions, including swallowing and speaking. The ansa cervicalis is essential for motor function in the neck region.

Terminologia Anatomica

ansa-cervicalis

System

Nervous system

Function

The primary function of the ansa cervicalis is the motor innervation of specific muscles in the neck. This nerve loop innervates the infrahyoid muscles, which include the sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid, and thyrohyoid muscles. These muscles help stabilize the hyoid bone and assist in the movements of the larynx and pharynx during swallowing and speech. Through its influence on these muscles, the ansa cervicalis plays an essential role in facilitating activities such as proper articulation during speech and the swallowing process, ensuring that food moves down the throat properly. Additionally, the muscle contractions mediated by the ansa cervicalis also help maintain proper posture and stability of the neck, contributing to overall body balance.

Location

Ansa cervicalis is located in the cervical region of the neck, emerging from the cervical plexus, which is situated deep within the neck. Specifically, it is found near the carotid arteries and the jugular vein as it descends alongside the hyoid bone. The loop of nerves creates a connection between the first two cervical nerves and the hypoglossal nerve, forming an intricate network that supplies the muscles of the neck. Due to its positioning, the ansa cervicalis can be found just above the common carotid artery and deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, making it an important anatomical landmark for clinicians and surgeons when navigating the neck region.

Did You Know?

The ansa cervicalis is typically described as having a superior limb and an inferior limb, allowing it to create connections between different cervical nerves.
Despite being a relatively small nerve structure, damage to the ansa cervicalis can lead to significant difficulties in swallowing and speaking.
The ansa cervicalis is considered a vital component in the 'strap muscles' of the neck, which work together to support and stabilize the hyoid bone and larynx.