Costal cartilage of the xiphoid process

The structure that connects the xiphoid process to the rib cage, providing flexibility and support.

Costal cartilage is a type of hyaline cartilage located at the inferior end of the sternum, known as the xiphoid process. This cartilage acts as a flexible connection between the xiphoid process and the costal ribs, specifically attaching to the seventh rib or the cartilage of the seventh rib, which allows for the expansion and contraction of the thoracic cavity during respiration.

Terminologia Anatomica

cartilago costalis processus xiphoidei

System

Skeletal system

Function

The primary function of the costal cartilage associated with the xiphoid process is to contribute to the elasticity and mobility of the rib cage. This flexibility is essential for effective breathing, as it permits the chest to expand during inhalation and to contract during exhalation. Furthermore, the costal cartilage helps to absorb shock and reduce stress on the rib bones during physical activities, thereby safeguarding the delicate organs within the thoracic cavity, including the heart and lungs. By connecting the xiphoid process, part of the sternum, to the ribs, this cartilage plays a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity of the rib cage while allowing adequate movement.

Location

The costal cartilage of the xiphoid process resides at the lower part of the sternum, which is centrally located in the upper chest region. Specifically, the xiphoid process is situated just above the abdomen, at approximately the level of the T10 vertebra. The xiphoid process itself is the smallest portion of the sternum and is often described as a sword-like projection. The costal cartilage associated with it connects to the ribs on either side, providing a bridge between the rib cage and the lower part of the sternum, situated in the midline of the body.

Did You Know?

The xiphoid process can be an important landmark in CPR, as improper hand placement can cause injury.
The costal cartilage can ossify with age, turning from flexible cartilage into hard bone, which can restrict chest movement.
In newborns, the xiphoid process is cartilaginous and may not fuse until adulthood, illustrating the body's natural changes over time.