Uterus

An essential reproductive organ that plays a crucial role in supporting fetal development during pregnancy.

The uterus, often referred to as the womb, is a hollow, muscular organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and the rectum. It has a pear-like shape and is typically around 7.5 to 10 centimeters in length and 4 to 5 centimeters in width. The inner lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium, thickens in preparation for potential pregnancy each month during the menstrual cycle.

Terminologia Anatomica

uterus

System

Reproductive system

Function

The primary function of the uterus is to provide a nurturing environment for a developing fetus. It is responsible for several key processes during pregnancy. First, during implantation, the fertilized egg attaches to the uterine lining, where it begins to grow and develop into an embryo. The uterus expands to accommodate the growing fetus, providing essential nourishment and oxygen through a complex network of blood vessels. Moreover, the uterine muscles contract during labor to facilitate childbirth, ensuring the safe delivery of the baby. In addition to its reproductive role, the uterus also plays a part in the menstrual cycle. Each month, if fertilization does not occur, the endometrium sheds during menstruation, allowing for a fresh start in the next cycle. This intricate interplay of functions makes the uterus a vital organ in women's health and reproduction.

Location

The uterus is situated in the female pelvis, specifically in the midline between the bladder and the rectum. The position may vary slightly among individuals, but it typically tilts forward over the bladder. It is anchored in place by various ligaments, including the round ligaments and the uterosacral ligaments, which support its structure and maintain its position within the pelvic cavity. The cervix, the lower part of the uterus, opens into the vagina, forming a passage for menstrual fluid, sperm, and, when pregnancy occurs, the baby during childbirth.

Did You Know?

The uterus can expand significantly during pregnancy, growing up to 500 times its normal size.
In some cases, the uterus can be retroverted, which means it tilts backward toward the spine instead of forward over the bladder.
The uterus is capable of regenerating its inner lining completely after each menstrual cycle, a process that occurs approximately every 28 days.
Uterine contractions also play a role in menstruation, helping to expel the menstrual fluid from the body.