Ear cartilage

A flexible connective tissue that shapes and supports the outer ear.

Ear cartilage, also known as auricular cartilage, is a type of fibroelastic cartilage that primarily makes up the external portion of the ear, known as the pinna or auricle. This cartilage is notable for its ability to maintain its shape while remaining flexible, allowing the ear to capture sound waves effectively as they enter the ear canal. Unlike the hard bone structure found in some other parts of the body, ear cartilage provides a lightweight, yet sturdy framework for the ear.

Terminologia Anatomica

cartilago auriculae

System

Auditory system

Function

The primary function of ear cartilage is to give shape and support to the outer ear, which plays a crucial role in the auditory system. This supportive structure allows the ear to funnel sound waves into the ear canal, where they subsequently travel to the eardrum and inner ear for processing. The unique design of the cartilage helps in amplifying and directing sound efficiently. Additionally, the flexible nature of the ear cartilage enables slight movements without damage, which is important for accommodating various head positions and maintaining sensitivity to spatial sound. Furthermore, ear cartilage contains a network of cells that contribute to repairing and maintaining the tissue, although it has a limited ability to heal compared to other body tissues.

Location

Ear cartilage is located in the outer ear, forming the framework of the auricle, which protrudes from the side of the head. It extends from the area near the temporal bone to the external auditory meatus, shaping the contour of the ear. The cartilage itself is strategically positioned to optimize sound collection from different directions. Its structure is composed of both elastic and fibrous components, allowing it to be both resilient and slightly pliable. This cartilage is covered by skin on the outside and connects with ligaments and muscles that help attach the ear to the head while allowing for slight movements that assist in capturing sound waves more effectively.

Did You Know?

Ear cartilage is composed of specialized cells known as chondrocytes, which produce the cartilaginous matrix.
Unlike bone, cartilage is avascular, meaning it does not contain blood vessels; nutrients and waste products are exchanged through diffusion.
Ear cartilage can be altered in shape through surgical procedures, such as otoplasty, to improve the aesthetic appearance of protruding ears.
The shape and size of a person's ear cartilage can vary significantly among individuals, contributing to unique ear characteristics.
In addition to its auditory functions, the ear also plays a role in balance through the inner ear structures that are not part of the cartilage.