Extensor hallucis longus tendon

A tendon that plays a vital role in extending the big toe and aiding in foot movements.

The extensor hallucis longus tendon attaches the extensor hallucis longus muscle to the distal phalanx of the big toe. It is a crucial structure for the functional movement of the big toe and contributes to both walking and balancing. This tendon allows for extension of the big toe, enabling essential actions such as pushing off the ground during gait.

Terminologia Anatomica

tendo extensoris hallucis longi

System

Musculoskeletal system

Function

The primary function of the extensor hallucis longus tendon is to extend the big toe, also known as the hallux. This action is significant because it contributes to the overall mechanics of the foot, particularly during activities such as walking, running, and jumping. When the muscle contracts, it pulls on the tendon, causing the big toe to lift upwards. This extension is critical for creating a stable push-off phase in the walking cycle, allowing for forward propulsion. Moreover, the extensor hallucis longus tendon assists in maintaining balance and stability, especially during activities that require precise foot placement.

Location

The extensor hallucis longus tendon is located in the lower leg and foot. It originates from the middle part of the fibula, which is one of the two bones in the lower leg, and extends down towards the front of the ankle. As it passes through the ankle joint, the tendon crosses to the top of the foot, where it travels beneath the skin and alongside other tendons that control the movement of the toes. Its insertion point is on the base of the distal phalanx of the big toe, enabling it to exert force directly at this location.

Did You Know?

The extensor hallucis longus is essential for activities requiring elevation of the big toe, such as climbing stairs or operating pedals in a vehicle.
Injuries to the extensor hallucis longus tendon can significantly impair foot function, affecting balance and gait efficiency.
The tendon works in conjunction with other muscle tendons in the foot to provide coordinated and fluid movement.