Ciliary glands

Small glands located in the eyelids that contribute to eye moisture.

Ciliary glands are specialized exocrine glands found within the eyelids, primarily located at the edge of the eyelid. They play a crucial role in the eye's overall health by secreting an oily substance that significantly contributes to the tear film. This oily substance helps to prevent the evaporation of tears, ensuring the surface of the eyes remains well-lubricated and comfortable.

Terminologia Anatomica

glandulae ciliares

System

Integumentary system

Function

The primary function of ciliary glands is to maintain the hydrating layer of the tear film through their secretion of an oily substance, known as meibum. This oil incorporates itself into the tear film, forming a lipid layer that prevents moisture loss from the underlying aqueous layer of tears. In addition to keeping the eyelids moist and comfortable, proper functioning of ciliary glands is essential for overall ocular health, as they contribute to the prevention of dry eye syndrome. By providing lubrication, ciliary glands help protect the surface of the eye from irritation, while also playing a role in flushing away small debris and preventing infection through the maintenance of a stable tear film.

Location

Ciliary glands are predominantly located in the tarsal plates of the eyelids, specifically at the margins, which are the edges closest to the eye. Each eyelid contains these glands, with the glands on the upper eyelid typically being larger and more numerous than those on the lower eyelid. The gland openings are positioned just posterior to the eyelash follicles, facilitating the distribution of the oily secretion right as the eyelids blink. This strategic positioning ensures that the moisture-laden secretion covers the cornea and conjunctiva effectively with every blink.

Did You Know?

Ciliary glands are often referred to as meibomian glands, named after the German physician Heinrich Meibom, who first described them.
The dysfunction of ciliary glands can lead to meibomian gland dysfunction, a condition that contributes to dry eye syndrome.
Regular blinking stimulates the ciliary glands, releasing secretions that help to keep the eyes hydrated.
In addition to providing lubrication, the secretions from ciliary glands contain antibacterial properties, helping to protect against infections.