Glosaurus
Human Anatomy

Sebaceous glands

Small glands in the skin that secrete an oily substance called sebum.
Sebaceous glands are exocrine glands found in the skin that produce and secrete sebum, an oily substance. They are typically connected to hair follicles but can also be found in hairless areas of the skin. Sebum plays a crucial role in maintaining skin and hair health by providing moisture, creating a protective barrier, and reducing the risk of infections.
Terminologia Anatomica
glandulae sebaceae
System
Integumentary system
Function
The primary function of sebaceous glands is to produce sebum, which serves multiple roles in maintaining the health of the skin and hair. The sebum produced by these glands acts as a natural moisturizer, preventing dryness and maintaining skin elasticity. Additionally, it forms a barrier on the skin, helping to reduce water loss and protect against harmful microorganisms. This oily secretion also helps to condition hair, making it shiny and preventing it from becoming brittle. Furthermore, the unique composition of sebum has antibacterial properties, which contribute to the skin's defense mechanism. By regulating the amount of sebum produced, sebaceous glands play a vital role in overall skin health and appearance.
Location
Sebaceous glands are distributed throughout most areas of the skin, with higher concentrations found on the face, scalp, shoulders, and upper back. They are closely associated with hair follicles; each gland is usually attached to a follicle, from which sebum is secreted onto the surface of the skin. In some regions, such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, sebaceous glands are absent, while they are numerous in areas like the face and scalp where the skin is oilier. In terms of anatomical positioning, these glands lie within the dermis, the deeper layer of the skin, and extend toward the epidermis, allowing their secretion to reach the outer surface effectively.
Did You Know?
  • Sebum production can increase during puberty due to hormonal changes, which may lead to acne formation.
  • Certain foods, like those high in sugar or dairy, can influence sebum production and affect skin health.
  • Sebaceous glands are influenced by both hormonal signals and external factors such as humidity and temperature.
  • In some animals, sebaceous glands can produce specific scents for communication or to attract mates.