Deep femoral artery

A major artery that plays a crucial role in supplying blood to the thigh region.

The deep femoral artery, also known as the profunda femoris artery, is a significant artery that branches off from the femoral artery. It descends deep into the thigh, supplying oxygen-rich blood to various muscles and tissues. This artery contributes to the vascular network that supports both the small and large muscles of the thigh, as well as the hip joint.

Terminologia Anatomica

arteria profunda femoris

System

Circulatory system

Function

The deep femoral artery is primarily responsible for supplying blood to the posterior and medial compartments of the thigh. Its branches, including the medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries, ensure that large muscle groups such as the quadriceps, hamstrings, and adductors receive an adequate blood supply during physical activities. This is essential for muscle contraction and endurance, as well as for the healing process following injury. Additionally, this artery plays a role in the collateral circulation of the lower limb, particularly during conditions where blood flow may be compromised. Overall, the deep femoral artery is crucial for maintaining the vitality and functionality of the thigh muscles, enabling locomotion and various movements of the lower limb.

Location

The deep femoral artery originates from the femoral artery, usually approximately 3 to 5 centimeters below the inguinal ligament. It runs posteriorly along the femur within the thigh region, deep to the adductor muscles. This strategic position allows the artery to provide blood supply to the inner and back portions of the thigh while remaining protected from external injuries. The artery gives off several branches before terminating into the popliteal artery, which further supplies blood to the lower leg and foot.

Did You Know?

The deep femoral artery is essential for athletic performance and recovery, as it ensures a steady supply of oxygen-rich blood to working muscles.
In cases of severe injury or trauma to the thigh, the deep femoral artery can play a vital role in collateral circulation, compensating for lost blood flow from damaged vessels.
This artery is commonly evaluated in medical examinations when assessing vascular health and conditions such as peripheral artery disease.