Elbow joint

The primary function of the elbow joint is to facilitate the bending and straightening of the arm, enabling a wide range of movements essential for daily activities. This joint plays a critical role in activities such as lifting, throwing, and using tools, illustrating its importance in both fine and gross motor skills. The design of the elbow allows for the precise positioning of the hand, enhancing the ability to perform tasks like writing or grasping objects. The joint also accounts for the ability to rotate the forearm, providing greater versatility in movements and grip. This combination of strength and agility makes the elbow vital for athletic performance, work-related tasks, and everyday functions.

The elbow joint is located approximately midway along the length of the upper limb, where the humerus meets the forearm bones, the radius and ulna. It can be palpated on the outer part of the arm, forming a distinct bony prominence known as the lateral epicondyle. The elbow sits at the junction of the upper arm, reaching down to the forearm, and is positioned slightly posteriorly when the arm is straightened, allowing for smooth articulation during movement. Its position also allows the elbow to act as a lever, optimizing the effectiveness of muscle contractions in producing movement.

• The term 'elbow' comes from the Old English word 'elboga,' meaning 'arm joint.'
• Tendons of biceps and triceps muscles are integral to the movement and stability of the elbow joint.
• Elbow injuries are common among athletes, particularly in sports that require repetitive arm movements, such as baseball or tennis.
• The elbow is not just a hinge; it functions in a modified manner to allow for a small range of rotational movement.
• There are several bursae, small fluid-filled sacs, located around the elbow that help reduce friction between moving tissues.